Frailty for cardiovascular risk stratification in CKM syndrome stages 0–3: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Background Frailty shares common pathophysiological mechanisms with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome and may contribute to cardiovascular risk. However, evidence regarding the associations of physical frailty and frailty index with cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with CKM stages 0–3 remains limited...