Heave-Induced Thrust and Free-Surface Deformation of an Oscillating Hydrofoil
: The effects of heave amplitude and oscillation period on the hydrodynamic performance of a three-dimensional NACA0012 hydrofoil operating beneath a free surface are systematically investigated using an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) framework coupled with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. The shear s...