Mechanisms of Resistance and Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review
Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their clinical benefits are constrained by primary and acquired resistance and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Understanding the biological processes underlying these outcomes is essential for impro...