Interpretable machine learning for preoperative prediction of WHO/ISUP grade in clear cell renal cell carcinoma using contrast-enhanced CT–derived extracellular volume fraction
Objective To develop and validate an interpretable machine learning (ML) model that integrates extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from contrast-enhanced CT with clinical and imaging features for preoperative prediction of World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) grade...