Life Cycle Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Tripoli, Lebanon: From Open Dumping to Integrated Resource Recovery
Municipal solid waste management remains a critical environmental and public-health challenge in Lebanon. This study evaluates the management of 1 tonne of incoming municipal solid waste from the Tripoli/Al-Fayhaa system using a SimaPro 8 model with IMPACT 2002+. Five scenarios were compared: open dumping (S0), inciner...