Reprogramming the gastrointestinal microenvironment with intelligent biomaterials and digital medicine: a perspective on precision intervention for digestive diseases
Digestive diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastrointestinal mucosal injury, colorectal cancer-associated inflammation, peptic ulcer disease, and postoperative gastrointestinal complications, are increasingly understood as disorders of a dynamic and spatially heterogeneous microenvironment rather th...