Sodium benzoate induces cardiotoxicity by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling axis: An integrated network toxicology and experimental study.
Sodium benzoate (SB), a common food preservative, has raised concerns regarding multi-organ toxicity, but its cardiovascular effects remain unclear. Here, we combined network toxicology, molecular docking, and experimental validation to investigate SB-induced cardiotoxicity. The toxicity profile of SB was predicted usi...