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Xiaodong Wu

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#small language model Preprint Aug 2026

Spectral Allocation: Why Muon Outperforms Adam, and How to Improve Muon

Spectral-Aware Muon is introduced, which holds the head at the Muon scale and amplifies the bulk using a static spectral prior, and both variants outperform tuned AdamW and Muon (Scion implementation) baselines in all evaluated model-scale and batch-size configurations.

Xiaodong Wu, Wenyi Yu, Chao Zhang et al. · 0 citations