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Xianzhi Li

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

HSRM: Hidden-State Reward Models for Test-Time Verification

HSRM is introduced, a lightweight hidden-state reward model that verifies candidate solutions by directly reading the generator's internal representations rather than re-processing its text, providing an efficient alternative to text-only verification by reusing representations already computed during generation.

Xianzhi Li, Xiao-Dan Zhu · 0 citations