ChatGPT in education: a systematic literature review of pedagogical applications, benefits, challenges, and future directions
Purpose: to systematically review the existing literature on the use of ChatGPT in education by examining its pedagogical applications, educational benefits, ethical challenges, and future research directions. Method: this study used a systematic literature review (SLR) based on PRISMA guidelines. A total of 25 articles published between 2023 and 2026 were analyzed to identify the applications, benefits, challenges, and future directions of ChatGPT in education. Findings: ChatGPT supports education through personalized learning, tutoring, feedback, teaching assistance, and research support. However, challenges remain regarding academic integrity, information accuracy, privacy, and ethical implementation. Future research should focus on effective and responsible AI integration in education. Implications: this study highlights the importance of integrating ChatGPT in education through evidence-based pedagogical strategies, AI literacy development, and ethical governance to maximize its benefits while minimizing potential risks. Originality: this study provides an original synthesis of recent research on ChatGPT in education by identifying emerging applications, pedagogical benefits, ethical challenges, and future research directions through a systematic review framework.