Author

Wei-Han Li

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#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Erased, Rerouted, or Rescaled? Post-Training and the Causal Quotient of a Language Model's Belief State

What happens to information a pretrained model already encodes when post-training no longer rewards using it? The common language of representation compression conflates three fates: information may be erased, rerouted away from the decision while still represented, or rescaled to occupy less variance while still repre...

Wei-Han Li, Tianshi ZHENG, Jun-Hao Wu et al. · 1 citation

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

ULTRADISCOVERY: Abductive Exploration in an Interconnected, Epistemically Open Universe

Scientific discovery often begins when scattered clues call for a new way of describing the world. Such abductive exploration can require constructing the representation in which an explanation is stated, when the world is epistemically open, and composing evidence scattered across contexts, when it is structurally int...

Wei-Han Li, Tianshi ZHENG, Yang-Qiu Song et al. · 0 citations

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Same Outcome, Different Readout: What Does a Steerable Valence Direction in LLMs Represent?

Claims about what an internal direction in an LLM represents need evidential constraints beyond an observer's prior beliefs about the system. Decodability and successful activation steering do not, by themselves, establish which construct the direction tracks. This gap is especially consequential for welfare-relevant i...

Wei-Han Li, Xin-Lei Chen, Yu-Han Song et al. · 0 citations