This work argues that future entropy is also essential for LLM decoding, and estimates its lower and upper bounds by computing the lower and upper bounds on a hidden Markov model (HMM), which is distilled as a surrogate of the LLM.
Zhizhen Chen, Daniel Mingyi Israel, Guy Van den Broeck et al.
· 0 citations
Save
{ copied = true; setTimeout(() => copied = false, 1500) })"
class="icon-btn" aria-label="Copy link">
{ copied = 'apa'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy APA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'mla'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy MLA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'bibtex'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy BibTeX
Copied ✓
Preprint
Aug 2026
The study traces this dialect tax across the natural language processing pipeline, suggesting that the dialect tax is encoded and accumulated not by any one step in isolation, but at every step of the language modeling process.
Elle Michelle Yang, Mark Chen, Jerry Tworek et al.
· 0 citations
Save
{ copied = true; setTimeout(() => copied = false, 1500) })"
class="icon-btn" aria-label="Copy link">
{ copied = 'apa'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy APA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'mla'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy MLA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'bibtex'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy BibTeX
Copied ✓
P RO A CT represents an orthogonal defense strategy that serves as an additional guardrail to enhance LLM safety against the most effective attacks.
Wei-Liang Zhao, Daniel Ben-Levi, Jinjun Peng et al.
· 1 citation
Save
{ copied = true; setTimeout(() => copied = false, 1500) })"
class="icon-btn" aria-label="Copy link">
{ copied = 'apa'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy APA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'mla'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy MLA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'bibtex'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy BibTeX
Copied ✓
Yiwei Qin, Zhen Huang, Tiantian Mi et al.
· 0 citations
Save
{ copied = true; setTimeout(() => copied = false, 1500) })"
class="icon-btn" aria-label="Copy link">
{ copied = 'apa'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy APA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'mla'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy MLA
Copied ✓
{ copied = 'bibtex'; setTimeout(() => { copied = null; open = false }, 1000) })"
class="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-ink-800">
Copy BibTeX
Copied ✓