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Tong Chuang

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#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Zeroth-Order Fine-Tuning of LLMs in Learnable Low-Rank Subspaces

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization enables memory-efficient fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). However, ZO optimization suffers from high variance in high-dimensional parameter spaces. While recent methods restrict perturbations to random low-rank subspaces, these subspaces often misalign with task-specific desce...

Tong Chuang, Ling Chen · 0 citations