Open access
Sep 2026
Beyond Legacy L1 C/A: Characterizing Advanced Multi-Frequency Spoofing Against Multi-Frequency GPS Receivers for Autonomous Navigation
Autonomous vehicles increasingly rely on high-end multi-frequency GNSS receivers that track modernized civil signals, such as L2C, L5, and L1C, alongside legacy GPS L1~C/A. Although multi-frequency operation improves robustness against natural error sources, its resilience against synchronous multi-band spoofing attack...
M. Ahmad, Muhammad Sami Irfan, Sagar Dasgupta et al.
· ION GNSS+, The International... · 0 citations