Pneumatic-Delay-Compensated Stiffness Rendering Using a Fusion Hybrid Linear Actuator for Light-Contact Oscillation Reduction
Mechanical compliance is essential for stable and safe human–machine interaction in force-rendering interfaces. Instability is particularly problematic when a low-inertia, highly backdrivable actuator with intrinsic delay interacts with a human or compliant environment. Pneumatic actuators offer a high power-to-weight...