Occurrence and concentration variability of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and polyphenols in Nyabugogo River, Rwanda
Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and polyphenols are increasingly detected in aquatic environments, impacting water quality and aquatic life. This study screened these contaminants in Rwanda’s Nyabugogo River, analysing 45 water samples from rural, peri-urban, and urban areas using solid-phase extraction and LC–MS/MS. Fift...