The effectiveness of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) applications in enhancing EFL learners’ speaking fluency and autonomy
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) applications in improving EFL students’ speaking fluency and learner autonomy. The research employed a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, combining quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were obtained from the results of pre-tests and post-tests of 24 students’ speaking performance assessed using an IELTS-based rubric, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews. The analysis results revealed a significant increase in the students’ average scores from 55.46 to 75.67, with a p-value < 0.05, indicating that the use of MALL is effective in enhancing speaking fluency. The qualitative findings showed that students experienced increased self-confidence, greater learning autonomy, and reduced affective barriers in communication. MALL was also found to support independent learning behaviour through features such as progress tracking, instant feedback, and flexible study time. This study concludes that MALL is not merely a tool for improving linguistic competence but also a medium for cultivating autonomous learner characteristics relevant to the 21st century. The implications of the findings highlight the importance of pedagogically integrating mobile technology to promote learner-centered language education.