Open access
Sep 2026
Coexistence, Oscillations, and Chaos in a Discrete Predator-Prey System with Fear-Modulated Prey Growth
A discrete-time predator–prey model is formulated in which predator-induced fear modifies prey reproduction through an exponential suppression mechanism, while predator consumption follows a Holling type-II functional response, emphasizing that predator-induced fear can substantially modify population fluctuations and...
Sujay Goldar, Sk. Sarif Hassan, A. Mohsen et al.
· Mathematics · 0 citations