Shu-Sen Zhang

Association between serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a cross-sectional study

Serum TNF-α was associated with RA-ILD in females, exhibiting a nonlinear relationship with a potential inflection point, and the interaction testing did not confirm a statistically significant sex difference, and these findings are exploratory and warrant further prospective validation in larger cohorts.