PPP Time Transfer for GNSS: From Post-Processing to Real-Time Operation—A Review
Carrier-phase precise point positioning (PPP) entered Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) time computations around 2009 and now yields sub-nanosecond time differences with 10−15–10−16 frequency stability over multi-day arcs, while International GNSS Service (IGS) real-time streams, Galileo High Accuracy Se...