Reliability-Based Slope Stability Analysis Using Particle Swarm-Optimized Neural Network: Benchmarking Against Conventional Probabilistic Methods Using a Lebanese Case Study
Probabilistic slope stability analysis requires tools that are both computationally efficient and accurate for uncertainty propagation. This study develops a reliability-oriented surrogate framework coupling a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network with particle swarm optimization (ANN–MLP–PSO). The model was...