Network-guided multi-omics characterizes stress-associated transcriptional and metabolic alterations in PFOA-exposed HK-2 proximal tubular cells.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance that undergoes active renal handling, yet the molecular response of proximal tubular cells remains poorly resolved. We integrated network toxicology with matched RNA sequencing and untargeted LC-MS metabolomics in PFOA-exposed HK-2 cells,...