Insulin resistance (IR) is a key pathogenic mechanism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, often linked to obesity-related inflammation. However, IR can also occur in individuals with normal weight, a condition known as the metabolically obese normal-weight phenotype. This study assesses the predictive value of routine hematological parameters compared to combined inflammation indices for detecting IR in non-obese populations. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 305 normal-weight adults (body mass index < 25 kg/m²). IR was defined by a Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) threshold of 2.5. Parameters were analyzed using univariate and hierarchical multivariable logistic regression. Parallel models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), were used to assess individual leukocyte subtypes. Discriminatory performance was evaluated through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. IR was found in 93 (30.5%) participants. The IR+ group exhibited significantly higher BMI, glucose, triglycerides, HbA1c, and white blood cell (WBC) counts (p < 0.05). Multivariable analysis identified WBC count as the only independent predictor of inflammation (OR = 1.946, p < 0.001). WBC count showed better explanatory power (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.196) and discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.725) compared to individual subtypes and composite indices, like the panimmune inflammation value (AUC = 0.510). The final multivariable model achieved an AUC of 0.736. In normal-weight adults, IR appears to exhibit a more pronounced association with generalized systemic inflammation reflected by absolute WBC counts rather than ratio-based indices. WBC count serves as a practical marker for early metabolic risk identification in non-obese individuals.
Ayça Acet, Türkan Paşalı Kilit, Sertaç Erarslan et al.· OSMANGAZİ JOURNAL OF MEDICIN...· 0 citations
Objective: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy diagnosed using serological tests and histopathological evaluation of duodenal biopsies according to the Marsh classification. Because biopsy is invasive, attention has shifted toward simple inflammatory biomarkers derived from routine laboratory parameters, such as the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet (HALP) score, which reflect systemic inflammatory and immune-nutritional status. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of SII and HALP and their ability to predict the histopathological severity in patients with CD.Methods: This retrospective observational study included 112 participants: 51 patients with newly diagnosed CD and 61 age- and sex-matched controls. CD was confirmed according to the European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease criteria, and patients were classified as having Marsh 2 or Marsh 3 disease. SII and HALP indices were derived from routine laboratory parameters. Comparative analyses, ROC curve assessments, and multivariate logistic regression were conducted, with significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Patients with CD showed significantly lower hemoglobin, ferritin, and total iron-binding capacity than controls (p < 0.05), whereas SII and HALP did not differ significantly between groups. Tissue transglutaminase IgA and anti-endomysial IgA positivity were markedly higher in Marsh 3 than in Marsh 2 patients. ROC analysis showed limited diagnostic utility for HALP (AUC = 0.589) and no significant performance for SII (AUC = 0.479). Neither index predicted advanced villous atrophy (HALP AUC = 0.623; SII AUC = 0.611) nor emerged as an independent predictor in the regression analysis.Conclusion: In this single-center retrospective cohort, SII and HALP scores showed limited diagnostic and prognostic utility in newly diagnosed CD and, on the basis of the present data, did not reliably forecast histopathological severity.
Ayça Acet, S. Coşgun, C. Koçak et al.· Turkish Journal of Internal...· 0 citations
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