Predicting 30-day mortality in upper gastrointestinal bleeding using APUA components and lactate: Development and internal validation.
Early mortality risk assessment is crucial for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). This study sought to develop and internally validate a prediction model using age, pulse, urea, and albumin (APUA) components, and to assess the added value of admission lactate levels. This retrospective, single-center study i...