Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the 9-item Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS-9)
Background Chronic stress is a major determinant of physical and psychological health, yet validated instruments for assessing long-term psychosocial stress remain limited in Arabic-speaking populations. Objective The present study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the 9-item Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (T...