Hypoxia-induced epigenetic reprogramming of cancer stem cells: Linking stemness, metastasis, and therapy resistance.
Hypoxia is a defining feature of the solid tumor microenvironment and a central driver of cancer-stem-cell (CSC) biology, yet the epigenetic mechanisms linking oxygen deprivation to stemness, metastasis, and therapy resistance remain fragmented across the literature. This review synthesizes that evidence into a unified...