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Rosa María Dolores Galarza Arreaga

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Open access Jul 2026

Psychological, pedagogical, and contextual determinants of oral english proficiency among Ecuadorian secondary efl students

English oral proficiency is one of the most complex competencies to cultivate in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) setting, particularly within educational systems that offer limited opportunities for genuine communication. Although numerous studies have identified foreign language anxiety, pedagogical practices, and...

Rosa María Dolores Galarza Arreaga, Katty Roxana Paredes Escobar, Ángela Geanine Valencia Moreno. · 0 citations

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