Glioma is one of the most invasive tumors in the central nervous system. Traditional treatment is limited by the blood‐brain barrier and tumor drug resistance, and the prognosis of patients is very poor. At present, there is a lack of a comprehensive review that can systematically integrate various nanotechnology strategies to meet these challenges. This review first analyzes the brain biological barrier and glioma microenvironment that nanoparticles delivery must overcome. Furthermore, the key strategies for crossing these barriers, such as receptor‐mediated transport and physical assistance methods, are systematically reviewed. This paper focuses on the design and characteristics of various nano‐platforms (including inorganic, organic and biological nanoparticles), and discusses in detail how they can drive multimodal synergistic therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy to improve the curative effect and overcome drug resistance. The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrated perspective for researchers in the field to overcome the delivery barrier and realize innovative therapy by nanotechnology, and to provide a theoretical framework and design ideas for promoting the clinical transformation of the next generation of intelligent and personalized nano‐drugs for glioma.
Wenqian Jiang, Jing Fei, Rangrang Fan et al.· MedComm - Oncology· 0 citations
Breast cancer remains a global health challenge with limited therapeutic options for metastatic cases. Cuproptosis, a copper-dependent cell death pathway, offers a novel anticancer strategy that is currently constrained by the poor solubility of copper complexes and lack of tumor selectivity. To overcome this limitation, a biomimetic nanoplatform was developed by co-encapsulating copper diethyldithiocarbamate (CuET) and a photothermal agent into epigallocatechin gallate-assisted nanoparticles, which was followed by coating with a hybrid cell membrane from cancer cells and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-overexpressing CTLL-2 cells. This strategy allowed synergistic induction of cuproptosis, mild photothermal therapy (PTT), and PD-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blockade. The nanoplatform exhibited excellent stability, photothermal efficiency, and tumor-targeting capability, resulting in responsive degradation within the tumor microenvironment. In vitro and in vivo studies using breast tumor models showed that these nanoparticles displayed potent cytotoxicity, causing immunogenic cell death and dendritic cell maturation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant enrichment of key biological pathways. Specifically, both immune-activation and cuproptosis-related pathways were markedly upregulated. The combination of mild PTT and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade enhanced CD8+ T-cell infiltration and established long-term immune memory. This multifunctional nanoplatform provides an integrated strategy for potentiating cuproptosis-augmented immunotherapy in breast cancer.
