The present study was conducted using different chickpea genotypes during the Rabi 2022–23 season at the Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Uttar Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design with three replications to estimate genetic variability parameters and conduct correlation and path analyses for thirteen quantitative traits. Analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes at the 1% probability level for all traits. Phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) for all traits, indicating environmental influence. Most traits exhibited high heritability, except days to 50% flowering. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was observed for the number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, seed index and harvest index. Correlation and path coefficient analyses indicated that plant height, days to maturity, number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, seed index and harvest index had positive direct relationships with seed yield per plant. These findings indicate that effective selection based on these traits may improve chickpea seed yield.
Surbhi Gour, G. M. Lal, Aditya Mohan Maharishi et al.· Plant cell biotechnology and...· 0 citations
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal) is an important medicinal plant valued for its therapeutic properties and bioactive compounds, notably alkaloids and withanolides. Despite its economic significance, systematic crop improvement through heterosis breeding remains limited. The present study was undertaken to evaluate hybrid vigour for dry root yield and related traits across multiple environments. A line × tester mating design involving 16 lines, 3 testers and their 48 F1 hybrids were evaluated along with three standard checks across 3 locations during the rabi season of 2022–23 in Southern Rajasthan. Observations were recorded for days to 50 % flowering, plant height, root length, root diameter, fresh root yield, dry root yield and alkaloid content. Pooled analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes, environments and genotype × environment interactions for all traits, indicating substantial genetic variability and environmental influence. Significant heterosis was observed for most traits. For earliness, crosses L15 × T3, L11 × T3 and L9 × T2 exhibited desirable negative heterosis. The L14 × T1 and L16 × T3 exhibited superior performance for plant height and L16 × T2 and L6 × T2 emerged as promising hybrids for root length and root diameter respectively. High heterosis for fresh root yield was recorded in L7 × T1 and L13 × T1, whereas L16 × T3, L15 × T3 and L14 × T1 demonstrated outstanding performance for dry root yield, with L16 × T3 also exhibiting significant economic heterosis. For alkaloid content, crosses L15 × T3, L16 × T3 and L2 × T3 exhibited consistent superiority across environments. The study identified promising hybrid combinations combining high dry root yield and enhanced alkaloid content highlighting the potential of heterosis breeding for developing superior Ashwagandha cultivars suited for commercial cultivation and pharmaceutical demand.
M. Deepak, D. Amit, C. Rukoo et al.· Plant Science Today· 0 citations
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