Detecting cytokines at ultralow concentrations is important for the early diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory and immune disorders, yet remains constrained by the sensitivity and stability of bioelectronic interfaces. Here, we present an electropolymerization strategy for preparing poly(amino-ʟ-tyrosine) (pALT) nanofilms as functional biointerfaces for DNA aptamer-based cytokine recognition. Electropolymerization yields ultrathin, continuous, and ultrasmooth coatings that combine chemical stability with accessible carboxyl functionalities for the direct bioconjugation of amine-terminated aptamers. Integrated into fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance and organic electrochemical transistor platforms, the pALT interfaces support interleukin-6 detection with femtogram-level sensitivity (100 fg mL-1) across five orders of magnitude in dynamic range, among the lower reported detection ranges. By coupling controllable electropolymerization with direct surface biofunctionalization, this approach provides a versatile route to optical and bioelectronics sensing interfaces on electrically conductive substrates.
Jiyao Yu, Renan Colucci, Rachel X Shi et al.· Advances in Materials· 0 citations
Compact and ultrasensitive detection of viral RNA and cancer-associated biomarkers is essential for early diagnosis and disease management. Conventional lateral flow assays (LFA), however, often lack the sensitivity and quantitative reliability required for low-abundance nucleic acids in complex matrices without amplification. Here, we present a quantum-enabled, magnetically modulated fluorescent nanodiamond LFA (FND-LFA) for amplification-free RNA detection through nucleic acid hybridization. Fluorescent nanodiamonds provide photostable, spin-dependent fluorescence, while magnetic modulation separates target-associated signals from background. Pixel-wise contrast analysis with Gaussian modeling enables robust quantitative readout, and sequence-optimized probes selectively hybridize to low-secondary-structure RNA regions without denaturation. The platform achieves a 10 fM detection limit and a linear range of 10 fM to 10 pM for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, together with a 100 fM detection limit for cancer-associated miRNAs. This strategy offers a compact and generalizable route for sensitive, amplification-free RNA diagnostics.
Wei Wang, Shreyans Chatterjee, Qi Lu et al.· Nano letters (Print)· 0 citations
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