Prashant N. Amale

AI-integrated human-relevant alternatives to animal experimentation in drug development: Toward a predictive translational ecosystem, from in vitro and in silico models to clinical and real-world evidence.

Animal experimentation has long been associated with biomedical research and drug development. However, ethical concerns, limited translatability to humans and high clinical attrition rates (> 90%) necessitate a transition toward human-relevant approaches. Although diverse in vitro, in silico and artificial intelligenc...