Open access
Oct 2026
Hybrid Fleet Vehicle Routing Optimization and Multi-Case CO2 Emission Analysis
To reduce CO2 emissions from the transportation process, logistics companies are beginning to purchase electric vehicles (EVs) to replace fuel vehicles (FVs). To fully leverage the advantages of various vehicles, this study introduces three models: the vehicle energy consumption model, the power battery degradation mod...
Pei-Wen Zhang, Chen-Xing Zhang, Pan Zhang et al.
· Sustainability · 0 citations