Unrecognized heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in COPD: phenotyp-ing a prospective cohort using the HFA-PEFF score
Diagnosis of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a challenge due to heterogeneous pathophysiology and substantial symptom overlap with non-cardiac causes of dyspnea, particularly in patients with other diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Assessing the pro...