Managing energy consumption in critical government infrastructure, such as meteorological stations, requires a balance between operational reliability and efficiency. This paper presents the development of an integrated IoT system designed to support an adaptive energy management framework at the Hang Nadim Meteorological Station. The proposed system utilizes a robust wired RS-485 network to ensure stable data transmission in high-interference environments. The architecture integrates distributed client nodes for real-time power analytics and internal climate monitoring. A core feature of this development is the synchronization of internal metrics with outdoor temperature data acquired from a local Automatic Weather Station (AWS). This integration drives an adaptive control logic via IR Blasters, which dynamically adjusts AC set-points based on real-time atmospheric conditions and occupancy schedules. Experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in energy waste: the system achieved a maximum efficiency of 38.27% in the Observation Room (ROBS) during weekdays and a consistent 23.31% saving in the Data Room (RDATA). The implementation shows that the system effectively stabilizes energy profiles and eliminates unnecessary power spikes during non-operational periods, providing a resilient and industrial-grade solution for sustainable office energy management.
Dedi Harianto Panjaitan, Eko Setijadi, P. H. Mukti· International Seminar on Int...· 0 citations
This paper presents a performance evaluation of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services in PLN's centralized Main Control Center-Disaster Recovery Control Center (MCC-DRC) network architecture. The performance of MCC-DRC Network is evaluated using QoS parameters including delay, jitter, throughput, and packet loss. A data-calibrated simulation approach was applied using OMNeT with INET framework, where the traffic model was calibrated from PRTG Network Monitoring observations and supported by field performance assumptions from EtherSAM EXFO measurements based on ITU-T Y.1564. The proposed architecture was developed with a higher backbone capacity consideration, including a 1 Gbps design basis, to represent the communication demand after centralization. The simulation was conducted under 20%, 50%, and 100% traffic load scenarios for both normal and failover-related operating conditions. Under normal operation, the average delay ranged from 2.495 ms to 3.033 ms, the average jitter remained at 0.001 ms, and packet loss remained 0%. Under failover-related conditions, the average delay ranged from 0.456 ms to 0.546 ms, the average jitter ranged from 0.001 ms to 0.003 ms, and packet loss also remained 0%. Based on the conversational voice criteria in ITU-T G.1010, all evaluated results remain within the acceptable QoS limits. These findings indicate that the proposed MCC-DRC architecture is technically feasible for supporting reliable centralized VoIP communication in PLN's operational control center environment.
Achmad Yulias Amir, A. Affandi, P. H. Mukti· International Seminar on Int...· 0 citations
IEC 60870-5-104 (IEC-104) is widely deployed in SCADA-based power systems to transport telecontrol messages over TCP/IP. While improving interoperability, this connectivity expands the cyber attack surface and enables threats targeting both availability and integrity. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of supervised machine learning (ML) models for intrusion detection on IEC-104 communication using a laboratory SCADA testbed and labeled datasets derived from packet captures. Three representative scenarios are considered: SYN Flood targeting TCP port 2404 (Layer 4 denial-of-service), APDU Flood at the application layer (Layer 7 denial-ofservice), and Control Command Injection Attack (CCIA) via man-in-the-middle command manipulation (integrity attack). Features are extracted using TShark and combine transport/network indicators with IEC-104-aware attributes (APDU length, I/S/U frame type, ASDU Type ID, Cause of Transmission, and IOA), consistent with the importance of protocol-aware inspection in IEC-104 IDS research. Evaluation uses stratified random record-level splitting for SYN Flood due to limited sample size and time-based hold-out validation for the combined APDU+CCIA dataset to assess temporal generalization. Results show that SYN Flood is detected reliably with tuned SVM achieving 85.57% accuracy and perfect recall (100%). Under time-based validation on APDU+CCIA, overall performance remains high (accuracy 98.54%-99.39%) and APDU Flood detection is near-perfect (accuracy 99.02%-99.87%), whereas CCIA detection accuracy $(\mathbf{5 2. 3 0 \% - 6 0. 6 2 \%})$ remains substantially lower, indicating the need for richer semantic and temporal features for integrity-focused anomalies in IEC-104 traffic.
Sofyan Asyzauri, A. Affandi, P. H. Mukti et al.· International Seminar on Int...· 0 citations
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