Ecological and human health risk of PB and AS In roadside soils of Benin City, Nigeria: a geoaccumulation and Monte Carlo simulation approach
Traffic-derived heavy metal contamination of roadside soils poses significant public health risks in rapidly urbanising sub-Saharan African cities, yet probabilistic risk assessment remains rare in this region. This study characterised lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) concentrations in surface soils (0–20 cm) at five traffic...