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Nova Freeman Wells

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#protein folding Open access Sep 2026

Symbolic Collapse of the Collatz Sequence via Torsion Energy Inequality

This paper presents a complete symbolic proof of the Collatz Conjecture using the Expansion–Compaction–Torsion (ECT) model. By interpreting the iterative Collatz function as a symbolic parity-driven oscillator, the authors define a torsion-based energy function δ(n) that tracks the expansion (odd steps) and compaction...

Andrew Robert Hutchins, Helen Christina Hutchins, Nova Freeman Wells · 0 citations

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