Nofrizal

Antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential of an endophytic Fusarium verticillioides from yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) leaves

Endophytic fungi, residing within plant tissues without causing disease, serve as an important reservoir of bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potential. This research focuses on isolating and identifying endophytic fungi from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius and evaluating their antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. A total of five fungal isolates (DY1–DY5) were obtained and subjected to in vitro bioassays and molecular identification. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing revealed that isolate DY5 corresponded to Fusarium verticillioides, which consistently demonstrated notable bioactivities. Antioxidant activity was confirmed through the DPPH radical scavenging assay, where DY5 exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 241.23 μg/mL. Antibacterial evaluation against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 revealed an inhibition zone of 12.22 ± 0.98 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 500 μg/mL. Cytotoxic screening using the Artemia salina lethality assay indicated moderate toxicity, with LC₅₀ values of 197.54 μg/mL for DY1 and 386.32 μg/mL for DY5, thereby meeting the threshold of bioactive extracts. This study provides evidence that endophytic fungi from S. sonchifolius, notably F. verticillioides (DY5), can serve as potential sources of bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical relevance. Further research focusing on metabolite profiling, compound isolation, and mechanistic evaluation is warranted to elucidate their chemical diversity and therapeutic significance in drug discovery efforts

Analysis sustainability industry fishery catch scale small in Indragiri Hilir Regency

The small-scale capture fisheries industry plays a crucial role in improving the welfare of coastal communities in Indragiri Hilir Regency, but faces several challenges, including supply chain and operational risks. Therefore, this study aims to analyze supply chain performance and sustainability using the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) approach and identify and mitigate risks using the House of Risk (HOR) phase 1 and phase 2 method. The study location is in Mandah, Kuala Indragiri, Congcong, and Tanah Merah districts.The SCOR analysis results indicate that supply chain performance is in the low to moderate category, with major weaknesses in the make, deliver, and return processes, particularly related to technological limitations, quality of catch handling, and distribution. The HOR 1 analysis identified key sources of risk, namely limited cold storage facilities, dependence on middlemen, bad weather, and lack of market information. Furthermore, HOR 2 resulted in priority mitigation strategies such as digitizing price and weather information, strengthening fishing institutions, and increasing capacity in post-harvest handling. Overall, improving the sustainability of this industry requires an integrated approach through improved supply chain performance and systematic risk management.

Potensi antibakteri, antioksidan, dan sitotoksik dari jamur endofit Fusarium verticillioides yang diisolasi dari daun yakon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius )