Beyond Gradient Flow: Identifiability and Recovery from Distribution Snapshots
Inferring dynamics from snapshots of evolving distributions is fundamentally underdetermined: the Fokker-Planck equation constrains the drift $F$ only through its score-weighted divergence $\nabla\cdot F+F\cdot\nabla\log\rho$, leaving a $\rho$-solenoidal gauge invisible to any single-time constraint. Time-indexed trans...