Assessment of 17β-Estradiol Levels, Serum Oxidant–Antioxidant Balance, and Interleukin-8 Expression in Relation to Clinical Findings in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
Background and Objective:Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious and common chronic microvascular complications of diabetes, representing a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It typically begins with albuminuria in the early stages and progresses to a gradual decline in renal function. Both gen...