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Author

Muhammad Bilal

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Review Open access Sep 2026

Deep Learning-Based Segmentation, Action, and Phase Recognition in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Review

The integration of artificial intelligence into biomedical image analysis represents a paradigm shift in clinical decision support and surgical informatics. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely performed minimally invasive procedure but remains technically challenging due to limited visibility, anatomical vari...

Hafsa Gulzar, Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Zubair Nawaz et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

On the Robustness of Temporal Vision-Language Models for Surgical Endoscopy Videos

Temporal vision-language models (TVLMs) offer a reusable, prompt-based interface for surgical video understanding, yet, their robustness under clinically realistic acquisition artifacts in endoscopy remains insufficiently characterized. In practice, degradations such as defocus, haze, motion blur, noise, cautery smoke,...

Darakshan Rashid, Raza Imam, Ufaq Khan et al. · 0 citations
Aug 2026

GuardMLLM: Overconfidence-Aware Dynamic Fusion for Early Outcome Prediction.

Experimental results show that the proposed GuardMLLM improves performance on tasks such as predicting patient mortality and ICU length of stay, and effectively alleviates overconfidence in LLM.

Gang Fu, Xiao-Long Xu, Hao-Long Xiang et al. · 0 citations

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