Environmental Pressures and Monitoring Gaps in Northwestern Russia: A Scoping Review of Industrial Pollution, Baltic Sea Risks and Geoinformatics-Based Monitoring Options (2014–2025)
This scoping review examines environmental pressure clusters and monitoring gaps in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation during 2014–2025. It asks how persistent industrial and urban pressures can be assessed when post-2022 restrictions on data exchange have weakened transboundary verification. T...