Phytochemical composition and acaricidal potential of Argemone mexicana and Ricinus communis extracts against Varroa destructor in Apis mellifera colonies
The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor is one of the main sanitary threats to Apis mellifera colonies worldwide, prompting the search for sustainable alternatives to synthetic acaricides. This study evaluated the effects of hydroethanolic extracts from Argemone mexicana and Ricinus communis on phoretic V....