Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Using Al₂O₃/Water Nanofluid
This study numerically investigates heat transfer enhancement in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger using aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles dispersed in water — referred to as nanofluid. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed, varying nanoparticle volume fraction (0.5% to 3.0%) and flow velocity (Re...