In Vitro Assessment of Human Alveolar Epithelial Responses to Acute Combined Exposure to Volcanic Ash and Sulphur Dioxide Gas.
Volcanic activity releases sulphur dioxide (SO₂) gas and fine particulate matter that may degrade air quality in populated areas, yet the effects of combined exposure remain insufficiently characterised. We examined the biological effects of acute combined exposure to volcanic ash and SO₂ in human alveolar epithelial c...