Open access
Aug 2026
Occupational Exposure to Lead, Cadmium, and Chromium among Welders in Al-Najaf, Iraq: Blood Levels and Associated Health Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study
Welders had significantly higher blood levels of lead, cadmium, and chromium, which were associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes and possible subclinical liver effects, and emphasize the importance of improved occupational safety and regular biological monitoring.
Zainab Hamody Ibraheem, M. Al-Nasrawii
· National Journal of Communit... · 0 citations