Background Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms play a vital role in antiviral immunity, but their influence on COVID-19 severity differs significantly among ethnic groups. T-cell responses are essential for clearing SARS-CoV-2, yet the immunogenetic factors underlying the diverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19,...
Monera Alrukhayes, Nada Al-Shatti, Almunther Alhasawi et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 0 citations
Background Population health observatories (PHOs) have emerged as fundamental pillars of modern public health governance, enabling the transformation of fragmented, multidimensional health data from multiple centres into evidence-informed policymaking and development, strategic planning and actionable intelligence for...
M. Al Eissa, Shaker A. Alomary, A. Assiri· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
Background: COVID-19 vaccines have proven effective in reducing severe disease and mortality from SARS CoV-2 infection. The underlying molecular mechanisms and alterations in the human serum metabolome influencing the effectiveness and development of immunity remain unclear. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 2...
M. Al Eissa, Refat M. Nimer, Reem H. Almalki et al.· Vaccines· 0 citations
The review highlights those circulating antibodies and neutralizing activity decline after vaccination, particularly against antigenically divergent variants, whereas memory B-cell responses and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immunity generally provide more durable protection against severe disease.
Leena E. Azhar, Ahdab A. Alsaieedi, M. Al Eissa et al.· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
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