M. A. Hamoud

Fragile yet rigid: surgical management of vertebral fractures in ankylosing spondylitis—a five-case series and literature review

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) converts the spine into a rigid, osteoporotic structure susceptible to three-column fractures from trivial trauma, with disproportionately high risks of neurological injury, missed diagnosis, and perioperative death. To describe the presentation, classification, surgical management, and outc...