The potential association between active smoking and sporadic ALS: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder traditionally categorized into familial and sporadic forms. Approximately 90% of cases are classified as sporadic (sALS), and relatives of affected individuals face a 4-to-5-fold higher risk of developing the disease. While muta...