Combined assessment of FLAIR vascular hyperintensities and cortical venous outflow for outcome prediction in acute middle cerebral artery occlusion
Background Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensities (FVHs) are an imaging marker of leptomeningeal collateral compensation, but their prognostic value in stroke remains controversial. Venous outflow (VO) dysfunction may offset collateral benefits, suggesting that VO status could modulate the progno...