Comparative outcomes of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a target trial emulation
Background Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) is standard for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), while neoadjuvant immune-chemotherapy (NICT) is a promising alternative. This study compared pathological response and long-term survival between NICT and NCRT followed by surgery using a target t...